Rajaraja Chola Pratham: Chola Samrajya ka Mahaan Nirmaata aur Dharmik-Sanskritik Dharohar ka Vaahak
Bharat ke itihaas mein Chola Samrajya ka naam bade gaurav aur sammaan se liya jaata hai. Is samrajya ko nai oonchaiyon tak le jaane waale sabse mahaan shasakon mein se ek the Rajaraja Chola Pratham. Unhone na keval Dakshin Bharat mein apni shakti ka parcham lehraya, balki Sri Lanka aur Maldives tak apne samrajya ka vistaar kiya. Yeh lekh Rajaraja Chola Pratham ke jeevan, unke yuddhon, prashasan, dharmik yogdaan aur sthapatya kala mein unke yogdaan par aadharit hai.
Janm aur Prarambhik Jeevan
Rajaraja Chola ka janm lagbhag 947 E.C. mein hua tha. Ve Chola Samrat Sundar Chola ke putra the aur bachpan se hi veerta, prabandhan aur kootneeti ki shiksha di gayi thi. Unka vaastavik naam Arulmozhi Varman tha. Rajkumar rehte hue hi unhone prashasanik kaaryon aur yuddhon mein gehri ruchi dikhayi aur praja ke beech lokpriya ho gaye.
Rajyabhishek aur Shasan ki Shuruaat (985 E.)
Rajaraja Chola ne 985 E.C. mein Chola Samrajya ki baagdor sambhaali. Us samay samrajya simit tha aur aantarik vidrohon aur baahari hamlon se kamzor pad chuka tha. Lekin Rajaraja Chola ke kushal netritva ne jald hi samrajya ko sangathit kar diya aur ek sashakt shakti ke roop mein ubhaara.
Prashasanik Kaushal aur Sudhaar
Rajaraja Chola ek bahut hi kushal prashasak the. Unhone prashasan ko behtar banane ke liye kai mahatvapurn kadam uthaye:
Rajya ka punargathan: Samrajya ko chhote-chhote prashasanik kshetron (Nadu) mein baanta gaya, jisse shasan sanchaalan aasan hua.
Rajsv vyavastha: Bhoomi ka survey karvaakar uchit kar pranali lagu ki gayi.
Sena ka aadhunikaran: Nausena aur sthalsena dono ko shaktishaali banaya gaya. Cholon ki nausena Bharat ki sabse prabhavshaali nausenaon mein se ek ban gayi.
Yuddh aur Vijay Abhiyaan
Rajaraja Chola ka shasan kaal yuddhon aur vijay abhiyaanon ke liye prasiddh raha. Unhone Dakshin Bharat ke vibhinn rajvanshon par vijay praapt kar Chola Samrajya ka vistaar kiya.
1. Pandya Vansh par Vijay – Madurai ko jeetkar Pandya shasakon ko adheen kiya.
2. Kongo Desh (vartamaan Kerala aur Tamil Nadu ke kuch hisse) par adhikaar.
3. Sri Lanka Vijay – Rajaraja Chola ne Sri Lanka ke raja ko haraakar Uttar Sri Lanka ko Chola Samrajya mein mila liya.
4. Cher Vansh aur Pashchimi Chalukya se Yuddh – Kerala ke kai hisson ko apne adheen kiya.
5. Maldives par adhikaar – Samudri shakti ke bal par Maldives dweep samuh par vijay praapt ki.
In sabhi abhiyaanon ne unhe Dakshin Bharat ka sabse shaktishaali samrat bana diya.
Dharmik aur Sanskritik Yogdaan
Rajaraja Chola na keval yoddha aur prashasak the, balki ve dharm-premi bhi the. Ve Shaiv dharm ke anuyayi the aur unhone kai mandiron ka nirmaan karaya:
Brihadeshwar Mandir (Thanjavur): Yeh mandir unki sabse mahaan uplabdhiyon mein se ek hai. Ise 'Rajarajeshwaram' bhi kaha jaata hai. Yeh mandir aaj bhi UNESCO World Heritage Site ke roop mein prasiddh hai.
Anek Shiv mandiron ka nirmaan aur navinikaran karaya gaya.
Vaidik aur Agamik paramparaon ko protsaahan diya.
Sangeet aur Nritya ko sanrakshan diya gaya, visheshkar Nataraj ki upaasna ko badhava mila.
Jan-Kalyan aur Samaj Sudhaar
Rajaraja Chola ne apne shasan kaal mein nimnalikhit kaam karke janata ki bhalai ki:
Jal Nikasi vyavastha ka nirmaan – Sinchaai ke liye bade-bade talab aur naharen banvayi gayi.
Anaj bhandaran kendron ki sthapna – Akaal ki sthiti mein madad ke liye.
Shiksha kendron ka nirmaan – Mandiron ke saath-saath gurukul aur pathshaalaon ki sthapna karayi.
Shilalekhon mein prashasanik jaankari darj – Taaki aane wali peedhiyaan shasan pranali ko samajh saken.
Rajaraja Chola ki Smriti mein Smaarak
Rajaraja Chola ne jo bhi banvaya, vah keval tatkaalin dharmik kaamon ke liye nahi tha, balki unhone apni yaad ko chirasthayi banane ke liye bhi sthapatya kala ka sahaara liya. Jaise:
Rajarajeshwar Mandir mein khud ki moorti aur abhilekh.
Sri Lanka aur Maldives mein sthapatya ki chhaap.
Prashastiyon aur shilalekhon ke madhyam se apni uplabdhiyon ka dastaveezi karan.
Rajya ki Seemaayein – Samrajya ka Vistaar
Rajaraja Chola ka samrajya Dakshin Bharat ke baahar bhi phaila hua tha:
Uttar mein Karnataka aur Andhra Pradesh ke kuch hisse
Dakshin mein Sri Lanka ka uttar bhaag
Pashchim mein Kerala aur Maldives dweep samuh
Poorv mein Bengal ki Khadi ke samudri vyaapaarik maarg
Chola Samrajya samudra ke jariye Dakshin-Poov Asia tak vyaapaar aur prabhaav sthaapit kar chuka tha.
Mrityu aur Uttaradhikaar (1014 E.)
Rajaraja Chola ka nidhan 1014 E.C. mein hua. Unhone apni antim saans tak samrajya ki seva ki aur apni mahaan virasat apne putra Rajendra Chola ko saunpi, jinhone unke padchinhon par chalte hue samrajya ko aur bhi vishal banaya.
Rajaraja Chola ka Khajana: Kahan gaya Samrat ka Anmol Dhan? Loot, Rahasya aur Aaj ki Sachchai
Thanjavur (Tamil Nadu).
Bharatiya itihaas ke ek mahaan samrat, Rajaraja Chola I (985–1014 CE) ka naam aaj bhi unke shaurya, architecture aur powerful administration ke liye yaad kiya jata hai. Lekin kya aap jaante hain ki unke samay ek aisa khazana tha jo duniya ke kisi bhi samrat ke paas nahi tha?
Aaj bhi kai log ye soch rahe hain –
Rajaraja Chola ka khazana ab kahaan hai?
Kya wo loot liya gaya, chhupa diya gaya ya aaj bhi zameen ke neeche kahin dafan hai?
Chaliye jaante hain is raaj bhare itihaas ki poori kahani...
Kahan tha Rajaraja Chola ka Khazana?
Rajaraja Chola ne apni rajdhani Thanjavur banayi thi. Unka royal treasury wahi par tha.
Itihaaskaron ke mutabik, ye khazana itna bada tha ki Brihadeeswar Temple (jo 1010 CE mein bana) jaise grand mandiron ka construction isi dhan se hua tha.
Mandir ke shilalekhon mein likha hai ki Rajaraja ne ton ke hisaab se sona, chandi, ratna aur murtiyaan daan mein di thi.
Unke baad kya hua us khazane ka?
Rajaraja ke bete Rajendra Chola I ne empire ko aur expand kiya. Lekin kuch sadiyon baad Chola Empire kamzor pad gaya.
13th-14th century mein Malik Kafur (Delhi Sultanate) jaise attackers ne South India par attack kiya.
1311 CE mein Malik Kafur ne kai mandir aur Chola rajdhaniyon se khazana loot kar Delhi bhej diya.
Uske baad British aur Dutch ne bhi kai Chola-kaleen murtiyaan aur dhaatu-vastuon ko Europe aur America tak le gaye.
Kya khazana chhupaya gaya tha?
Is point par kai theories hain:
War ke dauraan raja log apne khazano ko gupt surango, mandir ke neeche ya kilaon ke andar chhupate the.
Aaj bhi Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Darasuram jaise sthalon mein aisi surangen hain jo ab tak poori tarah explore nahi hui hain.
Kuch khudaiyon mein copper plates, purani coins aur murtiyaan zarur mili hain, lekin main khazana ab tak nahi mila.
Kya khazana loot liya gaya tha?
Jee haan, itihaaskaron ke mutabik:
Malik Kafur ke attack, Chola rajya ka patan aur British rule – in sabne milkar Cholaon ke dhan-sampatti ko loot liya ya nashat kar diya.
Aaj bhi British Museum, France aur USA ke museum mein Chola-kaleen murtiyaan aur vastuayein dikhayi jaati hain.
Kya aaj bhi zameen ke neeche chhupa hai Chola ka khazana?
Yeh ek unresolved mystery hai.
Kuch experts ka kehna hai ki Thanjavur ya aaspaas ke areas mein ab bhi kuch khazana zameen ke neeche ho sakta hai.
ASI (Archaeological Survey of India) ne kai bar khoj ki hai, lekin ab tak koi bada metal treasure nahi mila.
Kya ek din milega Chola ka asli khazana?
Rajaraja Chola ka khazana sirf dhan nahi, balki India ki virasat, pride aur sabhyata ka pratinidhitva karta hai.
Ho sakta hai uska kuch part loot liya gaya ho,
Lekin sambhavna hai ki kuch hissa aaj bhi dharti ke neeche chhupa ho.
Related Facts:
Rajaraja ke samay Chola Navy ne Sri Lanka, Maldives aur South-East Asia tak vijay ki thi.
Unhone jo daan diya uska zikr 400+ shilalekhon mein hai.
Brihadeeswar Temple ko UNESCO World Heritage site ghoshit kar chuka hai.
Agar future mein Rajaraja Chola ka khazana milta hai, to yeh India ke itihaas ki sabse badi khoj ho sakti hai.
Nishkarsh
Rajaraja Chola Pratham Bharatiya itihaas ke un samraton mein se ek hain jinhone na keval apni talwar se balki apne nirmaan kaaryon, dharm, sanskriti aur jan-kalyan se bhi ek amit chhaap chhodi. Unka jeevan prerna hai – netritva, dharmnishtha, sangathan kshamata aur sanskritik garv ki.
Aaj bhi Brihadeshwar Mandir ki bhavyata Rajaraja Chola ki dooradarshita aur parishram ki gawaahi deti hai. Ve keval ek samrat nahi the, balki Dakshin Bharat ki gauravshali parampara ke prateek ban gaye.
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